Metal-cutting system



May 27, 1947. p, CHEVlGNY 2,421,011

METAL CUTTING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 16, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V I N VEN TOR. PAUL G. C'HfV/GN) A TTOlP/VEY ay 27, 1947. p CHEVlGNY 2,421,011

METAL CUTTING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 16, 1944 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented May 27, 1947 'Baul Georges- Ghevigpy, NewYork, N. Y}, assignon' to Federalvmelephoneand Radio Eorporaware When exter atdise typebutters' are used; to split a metallic meriiber of ci re rlar configuration to hrodiioe a lamina thereon; relatively high aid-onsets fatten develop between the cutter ans the metallic 'r'riemb er thereby causing certainstrains-1min the ew of; said-metallic memberrx'idiin'g it-us'eles's as'a metallic section in-vacuuifi tubes, or for-many otherpurposes;

IE1 sfilitti 'gi a lafmir a from ameta-l lic member,-

mamas-111's 'm'em'ber geIie'rejlb" rotated it one direction, and when the o; "er is hiovedinto cut-- iig ag'e'inent vvith' the nieIh-ber i-t isrotated thereby the opposite difeetiori) 'As the periphswa edge of the cutter can only makea ofltact with the metallic member -the, s'izilii-ng operatior'ithjere a-trideney to tear the metallic rfie'rhber thereby causing-not only frict'iorf'tli'rebetween, but alsoa certain amount of strain fibofi the grains of the metallic member.

As mbst of the'se types of cutters are-provided with beveled cutting edges to'raise the lamina from the metallic member, a relatively degree of tension upon the grains of'metal o'n the uf dersi'de' of the lamina is imposed upon the alradiistrainedf metak 'As-this-lami-na is to be further treatedby rollir' g to produce a feathered edge for sealing the metallicmemberto a glass m'ei ber, the strains and -micros'oopi'c imperfectiox s eaused bythe cutter-will result in vertical:

orack's orothei imperfeotions.

' Ibis-therefore; one of the objects: of 'th-is-m-= ve tion' to provide an improved-method oi and mearis Efor splitting; a metallic member that over comes the disad-vahtages rnentionedabove? Another object is to provideaf-Ir ethod and meahs for splitting, disc members with consider-- ably-less friction betwen the cutter arid the metallio'mmbr than heretpfore experienced i-n ex istiiig cutting devices. t

agi tfiegpbg is to provide improved cuttingmeans. s s no "Furthi objectswill become apparent upon ref tion, New York,.N-.-Y; a corporation-bf Dela! Anthem qeteherflfi 19 4.; se al asses v (01. LM-Y-V-GBV) 2 erence to the w ng;qetei edqes risiiq a n eqneectim w th he; s semp eyinsi d awin i whighi, I l mg; 1 amen iew 1; em e ii eet-ew nloved a Ls out; tbem thd of this nve lxti'ori, r

er iqal" se tiqeel; view tak n lqn nes i 2" f??? '3' s. a, d e. Heavies, are 11. 94 fiedi mh dim et f he appara us empleyed; ca y n w he mem QI i i ti e e :1 a ie rremmaiiq l n. vi er i rthe emb dimen 'Qi' he a ara s. mpl y ir c yiae'out the si m id th si ven en d Figs. 5-, '6; "7 8 andfi a're vertial sectional views of a"r1um;ber of differegti cutters; which may be employed m carrying out the method of this in vention.

The apparatusshow in Fig, 1 to oarry out the method of splittinga-lam-ir -a from a metal li-c disei such as copper, isprovided with a base hav inQg a vertical boss 2, and-spindle 3 adaptedto1 e c eive' a freely-rotatable disc lefrom which the lamina -isto be split. Lhe base I- is also provided with a smoothvipper-Jace 5upon which is slim ably mounted a cuttersupporting member 6. This-supportingmemben :fii-isprovided withan an, nu-larball bearing race 1; whieh-rotatablysup: ports an arcuate-cutter 8 in its rotation abouttits. axis 9.

These areuate eutters may be :formed asannular bodies having at'least the major portion 0i? their-innerperipheriesrshapedto provide inwarde 1y disposed cutting edges;

Although, the .arcuate cutter shown in, Figs. 1, 2 and 7 is: preferably formed as-ariamrular-bodw having: the. inner igieriphery=v shaped. tot-provide :a cutting edge, which mavbe-formedin theshape of'aspiraias, shown inFi 1- Tfiheannulan QQit ay a so hav the nne p ripheries shame: similarly as shown m1 Figs. 5; 6, 8s and .9- taprov-id'e single. cutting. edges-with eitherone of two deviatin surtacesl- .Qr aslsho m in; Ei sr 'Zxans 9, t provide ap ir xof i aralle cntti i ed e eta h. having" a deviating su ac The :dev atieel ur; faces may have,.-in.; cross; section he appea s-awe of either beveled surfaces as shown in Figs. =5; 6 and 7, or dish-shaped surfaces Ila as shown in Figs. a ahd 9;. The a-rcuate=cutters;,8;;in- Figs. 1, 2v and 7 is preferably provided with; a pain ofpa pa t Pa lel u ti e. .des ;l;fi. -i2heupper:

cutting; edge havingua single upwardly, deviating While the cutter '8 is shown constructed in one piece, it is to be understood, that the cutter could be made of two or three pieces and assembled tical guide walls I! and I8 between which the cutter supporting member 6 is freely guided in v the splitting operation. On-thebase opposite the motor there is provided an .abutment J9 into which is threaded a screw 20, one end of which is rotatably fastened to the cutter supporting member6, and the other'en'd 'of which is provided with a crank 2|. crank will move the cutter supporting member 6 together with its associated parts into or out of .engagement with itheldisc 4;. 1 Q.

After the disc 4 has'been placed for. rotation upon thespindle 3,.the motor I4 may be'started to 'drive i the annular cutter in the direction shown bythe arrow. By the proper turning of the cranl; 2| the supporting member 6 andits associated parts are moved toward the disc tuntil the cuttingedge-of the cutter engages and rotates the disc in the same general direction. Further rotation ofthe crank 21 forcesthe cutting edge ofthecutter 8 into the peripheral face of the disc 4. As the cutter enters into the disc in a radial direction the deviating or beveled "surfaces ll and.l2 of the cutter, will gradually lift the 'layeror lamina L from the: disc and into the configurationof a coaxially aligned,.hollow truncated cone. I, 1 From the foregoing operation of the apparatus in splitting. the lamina it will be'seen that the friction between the. cutter and 'disc will be greatly reduced by rotating both the disc and cutter in the same general direction. Further, the inwardly curved'shape of the cutting-edge contacting the disc material makes more gradual the cutting force exertedby the cutterrupon the discmaterial; Consequently, the-strain upon the grains of ,thei'disc material will be greatly reduced. Y

When the cutter and disc are brought into engagement with each other, one will drive the other consequently reducing the frictiontherebetween and also, reducing. the tension upon the grains of the metallic member. 1

It may alsobe found'desirable to move the disc along a-spiraI path about the'axi's of the cutter and thereby gradually moveiitx-into the driven cutter. The cutter although free to ro tate would have its axis of rotation fixed as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. l

While I have described abovethe principles of this invention in connectionwithispecific apparatus, it is-to beclearly understood that this description is made only-byway of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the. invention as set forth in the objects and accompanying .claims. 1

l. A m'ethodof laterally splitting'a metallic .disc element inwardly from itscircumferential face comprising theeteps "of applying an inwardly curved cuttingxelement to said face, rotating one of said elements; producing relative transverse movement between the'cutting edge of said cutting element and the circumferential 7 Rotation .of this disc.

'4 face of said disc element during rotation of at least one of said elements, and continuing said rotary movement of said one of the elements until said disc element is split a desired depth.

2. A method of laterally splitting a metallic disc member inwardly from its circumferential face comprising the steps of applying an inwardly curved cutting element to said face, rotating one of said elements, moving one of said elements toward the other for engagement therewith, thereby causing said disc element and said cutting element to rotate in the same rotary ,direction, and continuing the movement of one of said elements toward the other to split said 3. A method of laterally splitting a metallic disc member inwardly from its circumferential face comprising the steps of applying an inwardly curved cutting element to said face, rotating one of said elements, moving one of said elements toward theother for engagement therewith, thereby; causing said discelement and said cuttin element to rotate in the same rotary direction,- and continuing said movement of one of said elements toward the other to split said disc, and forcing at least one part of thesplit disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said-disc as the depth of the split increases. V

4. Means for laterally splitting a metallic disc element inwardly from its circumferential face comprising an inwardly curved cutting element provided with a cutting edge at its inner periphery, means for rotatably supporting said cutting element, means for rotatably supporting a metallic disc element withm thearc of rotation of saidcuttingelement,means for rotating at least oneof'said elements, means producing relative transverse movement betweenthe cutting edge of said cutting element and the circumferential face of said disc, whereupon the rotary move,- ment of said one of said elements drives the other of said elements and said cutting edge'is forced laterally into said disc.

5. :Means for laterally splitting a metallic disc element inwardly'from itscircumferential face comprising an inwardly curved cutting element provided with a cutting edge at its inner periphery, means for rotatably supporting said cutting element, means for rotatably supporting a metallic disc element within the arc of rotation of said cuttingelement, meansfor rotating at least one jof said elements, means for'rnoving at least one;of said elements toward the other of said elements whereby the cutting edge or said cutting element will contact the circumferential face of said disc element, whereupon the rotary movementv of said one; of said elements drives the other of said elements and said cutting edge is forced laterally into said disc.

6. Means for laterally splitting a metallic disc element inwardly from its, circumferential face and forcing at least one portion of the split disc graduallyjlaterally with respect to the lane of rotation of said disc comprising an inwardly curved? cutting element having two intersecting surfaces forming a cutting edge at its inner periphery one of said surfaces bein parallel to said plane of rotationand the other deviating from saidplane of rotation, means for rotatably suptween the cutting edge of said cutting element and the circumferential face of said disc element, whereupon the rotary movement of said one of said elements drives the other of said elements and said cutting edge is forced into said disc thereby forcing at least one portion of the disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said disc.

7. A metallic disc-splitting means according to claim 6 wherein the cutting element includes two additional intersecting surfaces forming a pair of spaced-apart cutting edges at its inner periphery, one of said additional surfaces being substantially parallel to and spaced apart from said one of said surfaces and the other of said additional surfaces deviating from said plane of rotation.

8. A metallic disc-splitting means according to claim 6 wherein the cutting element includes two additional intersecting surfaces forming a pair of spaced-apart cutting edges at its inner periphery, one of said additional surfaces being substantially parallel to and spaced apart from said one of said surfaces and the other of said additional surfaces deviating from said plane of rotation and in a direction opposite said other deviating surface.

9. Means for laterally splitting a metallic disc element inwardly from its circumferential face and forcing at least one portion of the split disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said disc comprising an inwardlycurved cutting element having two intersecting surfaces forming a cutting edge at its inner periphery, one of said surfaces being parallel to said plane of rotation and the other deviatin dish-shaped in cross section from said plane of rotation, means for rotatably supporting said cutting element, means for rotatably supporting a metallic disc element within the arc of rotation of said cutting element, means for rotating at least one of said elements, means for producing relative transverse movement between the cutting edge of said cutting element and the circumferential face of said disc element, whereupon the rotary movement of said one of said elements drives the other of said elements and said cutting edge is forced into said disc, thereby forcing at least one portion of the disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said disc.

10. A metallic disc-splitting means according to claim 9 wherein the cutting element includes two additional intersecting surfaces forming a pair of spaced-apart cutting edges at its inner periphery, one of said additional surfaces being substantially parallel to and spaced apart from said one of said surfaces and the other of said additional surfaces deviating dish-shaped in cross section from said plane of rotation.

11. A metallic disc-splitting means according to claim 9 wherein the cutting element includes two additional intersecting surfaces forming a pair of spaced-apart cutting edges at its inner periphery, one of said additional surfaces being substantially parallel to and spaced apart from said one of said surfaces and the other of said additional surfaces deviating dish-shaped in cross section from said plane of rotation and in a direction opposite said other deviating dishshaped surface.

12. Means for laterally splitting a metallic disc element inwardly from its circumferential face and forcing at least one portion of the split disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said disc comprising an inwardlycurved cutting element having two intersecting surfaces forming a cutting edge at its inner periphery, one of said surfaces deviating from said plane of rotation and the other of said surfaces deviating from said one of said surfaces and said plane of rotation, means for rotatably supporting a metallic disc element within the arc of rotation of said cutting element, means for rotating at least one of said elements,'means for producing relative transverse movement between the cutting edge of said cutting element and the circumferential face of said disc element, whereupon the rotary movement of said one of said elements drives the other of said elements and said cutting edge is forced into said disc thereby forcing at least one portion of the disc gradually laterally with respect to the plane of rotation of said disc.

13. A metallic disc-splitting means according to claim 12 wherein the intersecting surfaces deviate in directions opposite one another.

14. A cutting element comprising a substantially annular body having the major portion of the inner periphery thereof formed by two intersecting surfaces to provide inwardly disposed cutting edge, each of said intersecting surfaces being dish-shaped in cross section.

15. A cutting element comprising a substantially annular body adapted for rotation about the axis thereof, said body having the major portion of the inner periphery thereof formed by four surfaces, two of which are substantially parallel to the plane of rotation of said body and the other two of which deviate from said plane of rotation.

16. A cutting element according to claim 15 wherein the two deviating surfaces of said body are dish-shaped in cross section.

17. A cutting element according to claim 15 wherein the two deviating surfaces are disposed in opposite directions.

PAUL GEORGES CHEVIGNY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 540,881 Sponsel June 11, 1895 931,043 Davis Aug. 17, 1909 1,657,295 Bark et al. Jan. 24, 1928 

